Though many people assume picture mathematicians scribbling complex problems on chalkboards, mathematicians can be found in numerous industries from business to science. Two main groups of mathematicians exist: theoretical, or pure, mathematicians who analyse or come up with new mathematical methods and applied mathematicians who teach or solve practical problems in fields such as economic, scientific, engineering, physics, and business. There are often overlaps between these two branches.

Mathematicians working in theoretical mathematics are concerned with expanding and clarifying mathematical theories and laws. They seek to increase basic knowledge about mathematical relationships and formulate new laws of mathematics.

Although the few mathematicians in theoretical research do not consider the practical uses of their findings, their work has been essential in many areas of science and engineering. For example, a new kind of geometry developed in the 1850s formed part of the basis for the theory of relativity, which in turn made the development of nuclear energy possible. Theoretical mathematicians are regularly involved in teaching within an academic institution as well.

Applied mathematicians solve specific problems or provide mathematical analyses and trends in such fields as physical science, social science, business, computer science, government, biology, and engineering using existing mathematical theories, computers and algorithms. They are likely to work within an interdisciplinary team involving engineers, economists, physicists and scientists.

If crunching numbers and problem-solving are your forte, count on a career in Mathematics.

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